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1.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 31: e77471, jan. -dez. 2023.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1526265

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar a relação entre o contexto de trabalho das lideranças de enfermagem na pandemia da COVID-19 e o Burnout. Método: estudo de método misto, com uma amostra quantitativa de 64 líderes de enfermagem, de todos os setores de quatro hospitais gaúchos. A coleta de dados ocorreu de agosto a outubro de 2020, após aprovação do Comitê Nacional de Ética em Pesquisa. Foi realizada a análise inferencial dos dados quantitativos (n=64), aplicados os testes de Mann-Whitney e correlações bivariadas de Spearman, considerando diferenças estatisticamente significativas "p" bicaudal menor que 0,05. Realizaram-se entrevistas qualitativas (n=12) acerca dos impactos da pandemia. Resultados: identificou-se 6,3% de prevalência de Síndrome de Burnout. Houve associação entre os domínios Desgaste Emocional e Despersonalização e as variáveis medo, aumento do consumo de álcool e impacto na saúde (p<0,05). Evidenciaram-se mudanças no contexto laboral, aumento do nível de exigência e da carga de trabalho e impactos na saúde. Conclusão: conclui-se que há associação entre o contexto de trabalho na pandemia e o Burnout. O aumento da sobrecarga de trabalho repercutiu em prejuízos na saúde mental.


Objective: to analyze the relationship between the work context of nursing leaders in the COVID-19 pandemic and Burnout. Method: mixed method study, with a quantitative sample of 64 nursing leaders, from all sectors of four hospitals in Rio Grande do Sul. Data collection carried out from August to October 2020, after approval by the National Research Ethics Committee. Inferential analysis of quantitative data (n=64) was performed, applying Mann-Whitney tests and bivariate Spearman correlations, considering statistically significant two-tailed "p" differences less than 0.05. Qualitative interviews (n=12) were carried out about the impacts of the pandemic. Results: a 6.3% prevalence of Burnout Syndrome was identified. There was an association between the Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization domains and the variables fear, increased alcohol consumption and impact on health (p<0.05). There were changes in the work context, an increase in the level of demand and workload, and impacts on health. Conclusion: it is concluded that there is an association between the work context in the pandemic and Burnout. The increase in work overload had negative effects on mental health.


Objetivo: analizar la relación entre el contexto de trabajo de los líderes de enfermería en la pandemia de COVID-19 y el Burnout. Método: estudio de método mixto, con muestra cuantitativa de 64 líderes de enfermería, de todos los sectores de cuatro hospitales de Rio Grande do Sul. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar de agosto a octubre de 2020, previa aprobación del Comité Nacional de Ética en Investigación. Se realizó el análisis inferencial de datos cuantitativos (n=64), se aplicaron pruebas de Mann-Whitney y correlaciones bivariadas de Spearman, considerando diferencias estadísticamente significativas "p" de dos colas menor a 0,05. Se realizaron entrevistas cualitativas (n=12) sobre los impactos de la pandemia. Resultados: se identificó una prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout del 6,3%. Hubo asociación entre los dominios Cansancio Emocional y Despersonalización y las variables miedo, aumento del consumo de alcohol e impacto en la salud (p<0,05). Se han producido cambios en el contexto laboral, aumento en el nivel de exigencia y en la carga de trabajo e impactos en la salud. Conclusión: se concluye que existe asociación entre el contexto laboral en la pandemia y el Burnout. El aumento de la sobrecarga de trabajo tuvo efectos negativos sobre la salud mental.

2.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2022. 176 f p. fig, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1378874

ABSTRACT

Neste trabalho analisamos as campanhas preventivas de papilomavírus humano (HPV) e câncer no colo do útero (CCU) desenvolvidas pelo Instituto Nacional de Câncer / Ministério da Saúde, de 2014 a 2020. À luz de um olhar socioantropológico, nosso objetivo principal é compreender como estas campanhas acionam representações de gênero, e, enquanto tecnologias de saúde, como co-constroem sentidos e usuários. As campanhas evidenciam uma certa politização do útero que mantém um excessivo escrutínio do corpo feminino, através da medicalização e do monitoramento da saúde sexual e reprodutiva das mulheres. Entre as controvérsias, deslocamentos e continuidades que atravessam a discussão, as campanhas preventivas apontam para uma materialidade que não apenas faz, mas também deixa de fazer ­ promovendo silenciamentos e ausências. Assim, acreditamos que os elementos gráficos dessas campanhas nos permitem compreender alguns aspectos importantes do lugar do útero nas políticas públicas em saúde. Em adição, apresentamos algumas campanhas privadas e não governamentais, como contraponto à análise. Criamos sete categorias de análise ("Geracionalidade do cuidado", "Escolarização", "Infância e Juventude", "Gamificação", "Risco à saúde", "Saúde do Homem" e "Neutralidade") que nos permitiram discutir e realizar costuras entre as temáticas que surgiam nas peças gráficas. Ainda que o Brasil, historicamente, seja considerado um país que possui uma cultura robusta de imunização, a adesão à vacina do HPV ainda é considerada baixa. Devido a isso, tanto a vacinação contra HPV quanto o acometimento de CCU são apresentados enquanto "alarmantes problemas de saúde". As especificidades do contexto brasileiro, de certo modo, embaralham noções de risco e cuidado, proteção e submissão, autonomia e negacionismo. As peças gráficas analisadas iluminam um universo simbólico em relação ao tema e a peculiaridade da biografia da vacina de HPV, atravessando questões como o aumento do público alvo das vacinas, a recente ampliação da vacina para homens, a baixa adesão na segunda e terceira dose, a desconfiança familiar, as influências anti-vacinistas, moralidades em torno de gênero e sexualidades, etc. As campanhas contextualizadas com a história da vacina no Brasil, o atual modo de gestão e os atores em cena engendram um fenômeno que merece atenção pelos estudos das ciências humanas em saúde. Portanto, nos debruçamos justamente na tentativa de seguir parte da trajetória que as campanhas vacinais de HPV e preventivas de CCU têm traçado no Brasil, principalmente através das articulações estabelecidas entre gênero e saúde, partindo de uma perspectiva que encara ciência e cultura como indissociáveis


In this paper we analyze the preventive campaigns of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer (CC) developed by the National Cancer Institute / Ministry of Health, from 2014 to 2020. In the light of a socioanthropological view, our main objective is to understand how these campaigns trigger gender representations, and, as health technologies, how to co-construct meanings and users. The campaigns highlight a certain politicization of the uterus that maintains excessive scrutiny of the female body, through medicalization and monitoring of the sexual and reproductive health of women. Among the controversies, displacements and continuities that cross the discussion, preventive campaigns point to a materiality that not only does, but also ceases to do ­ promoting silences and absences. Thus, we believe that the graphic elements of these campaigns allow us to understand some important aspects of the place of the uterus in public health policies. In addition, we present some private and non-governmental campaigns, as a counterpoint to the analysis. We created seven categories of analysis ("Generationality of care", "Schooling", "Childhood and Youth", "Gamification", "Risk to Health", "Men's Health" and "Neutrality") that allowed us to discuss and make seams between the themes that emerged in the layouts. Although Brazil has historically been considered a country with a robust immunization culture, HPV vaccine adhering is still considered low. Because of this, both HPV vaccination and CC involvement are presented as "alarming health problems". The specificities of the Brazilian context, in a way, scramble the senses of risk and care, protection and submission, autonomy and denialism. The graphic pieces analyzed illuminate a symbolic universe in relation to the theme and the peculiarity of the biography of the HPV vaccine, going through issues such as the increase in the target audience of vaccines, the recent expansion of the vaccine for men, the low adoption in the second and third dose, family distrust, anti-vacinist influences, morality around gender and sexualities, and so on. The campaigns contextualized with the history of the vaccine in Brazil, the current mode of management and the actors on the scene engender a phenomenon that deserves attention for the studies of the human sciences in health. Therefore, we focus precisely on the attempt to follow part of the trajectory that HPV vaccine and CC preventive campaigns have mapped in Brazil, mainly through the articulations established between gender and health, starting from a perspective that sees science and culture as inseparable


Subject(s)
Papillomaviridae , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Papillomavirus Infections , Disease Prevention , Gender Role , Health Promotion , Brazil , Health Systems , Vaccination
3.
J. vasc. bras ; 21: e20210166, 2022. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394423

ABSTRACT

Resumo As úlceras de membros inferiores, secundárias à doença venosa crônica (DVC), constituem um problema significativo de saúde pública no Brasil e representam cerca de 70% do total dessas úlceras. Apesar dos recentes avanços tecnológicos e das diversas opções terapêuticas utilizadas para essas lesões crônicas, existem diversos fatores que podem estar implicados na resistência ao tratamento. A calcificação distrófica cutânea (CDC) é uma condição rara e frequentemente subdiagnosticada, que, quando associada à DVC, pode estar associada à refratariedade no processo cicatricial. Neste artigo, relatamos um caso de CDC em paciente portador de DVC e discutimos a sua etiologia, fisiopatologia e possíveis opções de tratamento.


Abstract Lower limb ulcers secondary to chronic venous disease (CVD) are a significant public health problem in Brazil and account for about 70% of these ulcers. Despite recent technological advances and the various therapeutic options for treatment of these chronic injuries, several factors may be involved in resistance to treatment. Dystrophic calcinosis cutis (DCC) is a rare and often underdiagnosed condition that, when in conjunction with CVD, may be associated with a refractory healing process. In this article, we report a case of DCC in a patient with CVD and discuss its etiology, pathophysiology and possible treatment options.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Venous Insufficiency , Calcinosis/therapy , Lower Extremity/blood supply , Leg Ulcer/therapy , Wound Healing , Calcinosis/physiopathology , Chronic Disease , Leg Ulcer/physiopathology
4.
Adv Rheumatol ; 61: 42, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1284974

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by being multi-systemic and, therefore, reaching various organs and affecting mainly young women. Its pathogenesis comprehends many factors, including the interaction between microbiota and immune system. This systematic review assessed the relationship between intestinal microbiota and SLE in activity, highlighting microbiota representative patterns regarding quantity and diversity. Methods: This study considered researches carried out in patients with SLE, with no restriction of age or gender, which fulfilled the classification criteria of either Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinic (SLICC), American College of Rheumatology (ACR) or European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) and used the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) to classify disease in activity or remission were included. The search was carried out from October, 2020 to January, 2021 using the following databases: Medline via Pubmed, Scopus, and Embase. Five papers were included with a total of 288 participants with SLE. Results: Regarding microbiota in patients with SLE in activity, there was significant increase in the following genera: Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Megasphaera, Fusobacterium, Veillonella, Oribacterium, Odoribacter, Blautia, and Campylobacter. On the other hand, decrease in Faecalibacterium and Roseburia genera as well as Ruminococcus gnavus species was observed in remission cases, showing differences between the microbiota profile in SLE in activity and in remission. Conclusions: Results suggest that dysbiosis may be involved in the disease activity process. Trial registration: CRD42021229322 .

5.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 53: e03518, Jan.-Dez. 2019. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1020379

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar o conhecimento de estudantes sobre o plano individual de parto e conhecer sua opinião a respeito da utilização dessa estratégia de ensino-aprendizagem e das boas práticas obstétricas. Método Estudo descritivo, com alunos de Obstetrícia que cursavam estágios na atenção básica. A coleta dos dados realizada de 01/2017 a 05/2017, por meio digital, na Plataforma Google Formulários®. A análise foi realizada por estatística descritiva de categorização de enunciados. O estudo seguiu os padrões éticos exigidos. Resultados O formulário foi enviado a 97 discentes e respondido por 40% deles. Todos os respondentes informaram conhecer o plano de parto, e 87% aplicaram-no durante o atendimento de pré-natal. Os apontamentos mais frequentes (45%) acerca do plano de parto foram os que promoviam empoderamento e autonomia à mulher. As sugestões metodológicas mais citadas para a sua aplicação foram focar o conteúdo (76%) e aumentar o número de encontros (50%). O plano individual de parto foi reconhecido por 79% dos participantes como importante estratégia de ensino. Conclusão Além de conhecerem o plano de parto e aplicá-lo, os estudantes o consideram muito relevante para o ensino e a aprendizagem das boas práticas obstétricas.


RESUMEN Objetivo Verificar el conocimiento de estudiantes acerca del plan individual de parto y conocer su comprensión respecto de la utilización de dicha estrategia de enseñanza aprendizaje y de las buenas prácticas obstétricas. Método Estudio descriptivo, con alumnos de Obstetricia que cursaban pasantías en la atención básica. La recolección de datos fue realizada de 01/2017 a 05/2017, por medio electrónico, en la Plataforma Google Formularios®. El análisis fue llevado a cabo por estadística descriptiva de categorización de enunciados. El estudio siguió los estándares éticos exigidos. Resultados El formulario fue enviado a 97 discentes y respondido por el 40% de ellos. Todos los respondedores informaron conocer el plan de parto, y el 87% lo aplicaron durante la atención de prenatal. Los planteamientos más frecuentes (45%) acerca del plan de parto fueron los que promovían empoderamiento y autonomía a la mujer. Las sugerencias metodológicas más citadas para su aplicación fueron enfocar el contenido (76%) y aumentar el número de encuentros (50%). El plan individual de parto fue reconocido por el 79% de los participantes como importante estrategia de enseñanza. Conclusión Además de conocer el plan de parto y aplicarlo, los estudiantes lo consideran muy relevante para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje y de las buenas prácticas obstétricas.


ABSTRACT Objective To verify students' knowledge about individual birth planning and learn their opinion about the use of this teaching-learning strategy for good obstetric practices. Method This is a descriptive study conducted with midwifery students who made primary health care internships. Data collection was performed digitally from 01/2017 to 05/2017 through the Google Forms®Platform. The analysis was performed by descriptive categorization statistics of statements. The study followed the required ethical standards. Results The form was sent to 97 students and answered by 40% of them. All respondents reported knowing the birth planning, and 87% applied it during prenatal care. The most frequent (45%) points about the birth plan were those that promoted women's empowerment and autonomy. The most cited methodological suggestions for its application were to focus on content (76%) and increase the number of meetings (50%). Individual birth planning was recognized by 79% of the participants as an important teaching strategy. Conclusion In addition to knowing birth planning and applying it, the students consider it very relevant for teaching and learning good obstetrical practices.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students , Humanizing Delivery , Evidence-Based Practice , Learning , Obstetrics
6.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 32(5): 508-516, Sept-Oct. 2019. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040105

ABSTRACT

The study is based on the fact that left atrial (LA) volume measurement is a marker of the presence of diastolic dysfunction and that Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with ventricular remodeling, worsening of left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic function, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Objective: To evaluate whether LAV changes are related to vitamin D deficiency. Method: A cross-sectional, population-based, unicentric study in which 640 patients over 45 years of age enrolled in the Niterói's Médico de Família program, RJ, were evaluated. Patients were submitted to tissue Doppler echocardiography to evaluate the parameters of diastolic and systolic function and vitamin D dosage. The presence or absence of hypovitaminosis D associated with structural and functional cardiac changes was compared between each group. A p < 0.05 value was considered as an indicator of statistical significance. Results: Of the 640 individuals analyzed, hypovitaminosis D was confirmed in 39.2% of the patients, of whom 34.8% had diastolic dysfunction. The most relevant echocardiographic parameters that were statistically significant were non-indexed AEDs and LAV, E'/A' and E wave deceleration time, which were associated with the presence of hypovitaminosis D (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The study of the association of hypovitaminosis D and the appearance of structural and functional cardiac abnormalities may contribute to the discussion of the adoption of one more criterion to select individuals at risk of developing clinical cardiac insufficiency in primary care since, with the use of echocardiography, the subclinical condition of cardiac involvement, with prognostic and treatment implications for the referred patients with hypovitaminosis D, can be identified early


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Primary Health Care/methods , Vitamin D , Atrial Function, Left , Heart Atria , Avitaminosis/complications , Vitamin D Deficiency/complications , Blood Pressure , Echocardiography/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Heart Failure , Heart Rate
7.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 31(3): 354-360, jul.-set. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042575

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a concordância entre médicos intensivistas que receberam treinamento semelhante para utilização do ultrassom pulmonar à beira do leito, na identificação das linhas B pulmonares visualizadas em tempo real, a fim de verificar a reprodutibilidade do método. Métodos: Foram analisados 67 pacientes que apresentaram alguma piora ventilatória identificada nas últimas 12 horas da realização do ultrassom pulmonar, no período de novembro de 2016 a março de 2017, estando todos internados em um centro de terapia intensiva de um hospital privado de Belo Horizonte (MG). Os ultrassons pulmonares foram realizados por três profissionais diferentes, denominados A, B e C, sendo o intervalo de tempo entre cada ultrassom pulmonar menor que 3 horas. As zonas torácicas visualizadas foram apenas as anteriores e laterais, sendo definidas como zonas anteriores (1) direita e esquerda (Z1D e Z1E, respectivamente), delimitadas pela clavícula, esterno, linha horizontal perpendicular ao processo xifoide e linha axilar anterior; e zonas laterais (2) direita e esquerda (Z2D e Z2E, respectivamente), abrangendo a área entre linha axilar anterior e posterior lateralmente, tendo como limite inferior a mesma linha horizontal correspondente à altura do processo xifoide. Uma zona pulmonar era considerada positiva para linhas B, quando houvesse visualização de três ou mais dessas linhas, caracterizando possível síndrome interstício-alveolar. Por meio do valor Kappa, avaliamos a concordância dentre as quatro zonas, conforme execução de cada dupla de profissional (AB, AC e BC). Resultados: Cerca de 80% das áreas visualizadas tiveram concordância classificada como moderada a substancial, com Kappa variando de 0,41 - 079 (p < 0,05; IC95%). Os maiores graus de concordância ocorreram nas zonas superiores Z1D e Z1E entre os subgrupos AC e BC, com Kappa em torno de 0,65 (p < 0,001). Já a Z2E apresentou uma das menores concordâncias, com Kappa de 0,36. Conclusão: A possível limitação do ultrassom pulmonar quanto ao efeito examinador-dependente não se mostrou presente neste trabalho, sugerindo boa reprodutibilidade dessa modalidade diagnóstica à beira do leito.


ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the agreement between intensive care physicians with similar training in the use of bedside lung ultrasonography in identifying pulmonary B lines, visualized in real time, to verify the reproducibility of the method. Methods: A total of 67 patients with some ventilatory deterioration identified within 12 hours after a pulmonary ultrasonography in the period from November 2016 to March 2017 were analyzed, and all were admitted to an intensive care unit of a private hospital in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. The lung ultrasonographies were performed by three different professionals, termed A, B and C, and the time interval between each lung ultrasonography was less than 3 hours. The only visualized chest zones were the anterior and lateral, defined as right and left anterior (1) zones (Z1R and Z1L, respectively), which were delimited by the clavicle, the sternum and the horizontal line perpendicular to the xiphoid process and anterior axillary line. The right and left lateral (2) zones (Z2R and Z2L, respectively) covered the lateral area between the anterior and posterior axillary lines, with the lower limit being the same horizontal line corresponding to the height of the xiphoid process. A lung zone was considered positive for B lines upon visualization of three or more of these lines, suggesting the presence of alveolar-interstitial syndrome. Using the Kappa value, we evaluated the agreement among the four zones according to the execution of each pair of professionals (AB, AC and BC). Results: Approximately 80% of the areas that were visualized showed a moderate to substantial agreement, with the Kappa values ranging from 0.41 - 079 (p < 0.05; 95% CI). The highest levels of agreement occurred in the upper zones Z1R and Z1L between subgroups AC and BC, with a Kappa of approximately 0.65 (p < 0.001). In turn, Z2L showed one of the lowest agreements, with a Kappa of 0.36. Conclusion: The possible limitation of an examiner-dependent effect on lung ultrasounds was not found in this study, suggesting the good reproducibility of this diagnostic modality at the bedside.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Critical Care/standards , Point-of-Care Testing , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Observer Variation , Cross-Sectional Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Ultrasonography , Forms as Topic
8.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 24(7): 2399-2410, jul. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011848

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar a ambiência escolar e o estado nutricional de pré-escolares da rede pública de Macaé. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com dados antropométricos secundários, coletados entre 2012 e 2014. Foram analisadas 962 crianças, de 2,1 a 6,6 anos, de quatro escolas, segundo recomendação da Organização Mundial da Saúde. A ambiência foi avaliada, qualitativamente, por observação direta. Por regressão logística, foi verificado se a chance de ocorrer desvios nutricionais diferia entre as escolas. A prevalência de excesso nutricional foi alarmante, principalmente nos menores de cinco anos (13,7%). Em crianças com cinco anos ou mais, as duas escolas, com ampla rede social de apoio no entorno, tiveram menor chance de ocorrer excesso nutricional (Odds Ratio de 0,40 e 0,33; p < 0,05). A escola com mais lanchonetes e propagandas de alimentos no território teve maior proporção de obesidade. Fatores positivos de ambiência dentro da escola, como ausência de cantina comercial, não conseguiram evitar o excesso nutricional. Este estudo adverte a respeito da relevância do entorno, sobretudo do apoio social. Esse é pouco abordado na literatura em nutrição, mas pode ser diferencial no perfil nutricional, em especial quando aspectos-chave de proteção no interior da escola estão adequados.


Abstract This study evaluated school ambience and the nutritional status of preschoolers in the Macaé city public system. This is a cross-sectional study with secondary anthropometric data collected between 2012 and 2014. In all, 962 children, aged 2.1 to 6.6 years from four schools were analyzed as per the World Health Organization recommendation. Ambience was assessed qualitatively by direct observation. Logistic regression verified the probability of different nutritional deviations among schools. The prevalence of nutritional excess was alarming, especially for children under five (13.7%). In children aged five years and over, the two schools with large social support network in their surroundings had a lower probability of nutritional excess (OR = 0.40 and OR = 0.33; p < 0.05). The school with more cafeterias and food advertisements in the territory had higher proportion of obesity. Positive factors of ambience within schools, such as the lack of commercial canteen, could not avoid nutritional excess. This paper warns about the importance of surroundings, especially social support. This is poorly addressed in nutrition literature, but may be a differential in the nutritional profile, mainly when key aspects of protection within school are adequate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Schools/statistics & numerical data , Social Support , Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Nutritional Status , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age Factors , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology
9.
J. vasc. bras ; 18: e20190015, 2019. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1012620

ABSTRACT

Algumas infecções virais sistêmicas podem estar relacionadas ao desenvolvimento de complicações vasculares, como trombose venosa profunda e linfedema de membros inferiores e superiores. Essa relação já está bem estabelecida em pacientes portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV), hepatite C ou influenza. Recentemente introduzido no continente americano (2013), o vírus chicungunha, um arbovírus transmitido pelo mosquito do gênero Aedes e agente etiológico da febre chicungunha (FC), ainda não tem essa relação bem sedimentada. Porém, o surto de FC, ocorrido entre 2015 e 2016, fez com que fossem descritos na literatura médica os primeiros casos de complicações vasculares agudas e crônicas secundárias à infecção por essa arbovirose. Neste relato de caso, descrevemos uma paciente que desenvolveu linfedema de membros superiores e inferiores após quadro de FC


Certain systemic viral infections can be related to development of vascular complications, such as deep venous thrombosis and lymphedema of lower and upper limbs. These links have been well-established in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C, or influenza. Recently introduced into the American continent (2013), chikungunya virus is an arbovirus transmitted by mosquitoes of the Aedes genus and is the etiologic agent of chikungunya fever (CF), but its relationship to these vascular complications has not yet been consolidated. However, the CF outbreak that occurred during 2015 and 2016 resulted in the first cases described in the medical literature of acute and chronic vascular complications secondary to infection by this arbovirus. In this report, we describe the case of a patient who developed lymphedema of upper and lower limbs after an episode of CF


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Lower Extremity , Chikungunya Fever/complications , Lymphedema , Arbovirus Infections , Chikungunya virus , Chronic Disease , Upper Extremity , Infections
10.
J. vasc. bras ; 17(3)jul.-set. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-916069

ABSTRACT

A aviação civil vem apresentando aumento progressivo do número de voos regulares nos últimos 10 anos e, em função disso, mais passageiros estão sendo transportados em viagens aéreas (VAs). Associado a isso, há um aumento das doenças relacionadas às VAs, especialmente naquelas de longa duração. Uma das complicações mais temidas dos voos é o tromboembolismo venoso (TEV), mas a sua real incidência é de difícil mensuração devido à falta de consenso sobre, por exemplo, quanto tempo após o pouso podemos considerar que o TEV possa estar relacionado à VA realizada ou mesmo quanto tempo de voo pode ser considerado como de longa duração. Muito tem se discutido sobre os mecanismos fisiopatológicos do TEV relacionado às VAs, quais passageiros são os de maior risco e quais medidas profiláticas podemos adotar com segurança e eficácia. O objetivo desta revisão é esclarecer esses pontos e as condutas consensuais atuais


Civil aviation has seen a steady increase in the number of scheduled flights over the last ten years and, as a result, more passengers are traveling by air. This has been associated with an increase in flight-related diseases, especially on long-haul flights. One of the most feared complications during flights is venous thromboembolism (VTE), but its true incidence is difficult to measure because of a lack of consensus on elements such as the definition of how long after landing a VTE can be considered to be related to a flight and even how long a flight must last to be considered of long duration. There has been much discussion of the pathophysiological mechanisms of flight-related VTE, of which passengers are at greatest risk, and of what prophylactic measures can be adopted safely and effectively. The purpose of this review is to clarify these points and describe current consensual conduct


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Air Travel/trends , Disease Prevention , Venous Thromboembolism/therapy , Venous Thrombosis/therapy , Aerospace Medicine/methods , Anticoagulants , Heparin , Hypoxia/complications , Incidence , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors , Prevalence , Pulmonary Embolism/complications , Review , Risk Factors
11.
Ciênc. rural (Online) ; 48(11): e20180366, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1045010

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to evaluate the enhanced single-cell oil production by cold shock in Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli using dairy processing wastewater as culture medium. The study focused on (i) temperature optimization for biomass production, (ii) cold shock application to induce lipids biosynthesis and (iii) determination of fatty acids profile under different conditions. Results indicated that temperature of 20°C was the best condition in terms of kinetics parameter, reaching biomass productivities of 160.25mg/L.h. Under these conditions, a lipid content of 12.65% was also observed, resulting in a lipid productivity of 20.27mg/L.h. Additionally, the 0°C cold shock was the most efficient in increasing intracellular lipid content, reaching 28.4% in dry weight. Cold shocks also showed influence on the saturation of fatty acid composition, where the saturated fatty acids decreased, and the monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids increased by increasing the cold application. Thus, the use of cold shocks indicates to be a key condition for improving the prospects of efficient single-cell oils production.


RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o aumento da produção de óleos unicelulares por Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli utilizando água residuária de processamento de laticínios como meio de cultura. O estudo concentrou-se na (i) otimização da temperatura para produção de biomassa, (ii) aplicação de choque frio para induzir a biossíntese de lipídios e (iii) determinação do perfil de ácidos graxos sob diferentes condições. Os resultados indicam que a temperatura de 20°C foi a melhor condição em termos de parâmetros cinéticos, atingindo produtividades de biomassa de 160,25mg/L.h. Nesta condição também foi observado um teor lipídico de 12,65%, o que resultou em uma produtividade lipídica de 20,27mg/L.h. Além disso, o choque frio de 0°C foi o mais eficiente para aumentar o conteúdo lipídico intracelular, que atingiu 28,4% em peso seco. Os choques frios também mostraram influência na saturação da composição de ácidos graxos, em que os ácidos graxos saturados diminuíram, e os ácidos graxos monoinsaturados e poli-insaturados ampliaram com o aumento da aplicação de frio. Assim, o uso de choques frios indica ser uma condição chave para melhorar as perspectivas de produção eficiente de óleos unicelulares.

12.
Clin. biomed. res ; 37(4): 316-322, 2017. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-876660

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Caffeinated drinks are used for improve performance. Animal models represent investigational strategy that circumvents most of the drawbacks of research in humans, including motivational factors and the placebo effect. No animal model that could test whether different forms of administering caffeine affect exercise propensity was found in the literature. Methods: An animal model of grouped voluntary exercise was tested. Two-month-old male C57/bl mice were housed in a cage fitted with one running wheel and a monitoring system. Six animals per cage were introduced individually. To assess the sensitivity of the model, the effect of different caffeinated drinks was observed in mice exercising ad libitum. During 2 days, the mice received: 1) pure anhydrous caffeine 0.125 mg/mL (PC), 2) cola drink (CC), and 3) caffeine-taurine-glucuronolactone drink (CTG), intercalating wash-out periods of 2 days, receiving pure water. Results: The distance run during the periods of water ingestion was significantly lower than during the periods of stimulant drinks ingestion: PC (5.6 ± 1.3 km; p = 0.02), of CC ingestion (7.6 ± 0.6 km; p = 0.001), and of CTG ingestion (8.3 ± 1.6 km; p = 0.009). The performances when ingesting the three caffeinated drinks do not follow a dose-response curve. Conclusions: The model described here was able to measure the effect of caffeine intake on voluntary exercise of mice. The sensitivity of the model to the effect of caffeine needs to be further validated. The action of each component of the drinks on exercise performance needs to be clarified in future research. The present model is adequate for such investigation (AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Caffeine/pharmacology , Motor Activity/drug effects , Carbonated Beverages , Central Nervous System Stimulants/pharmacology , Energy Drinks , Models, Animal , Motivation/physiology , Motor Activity/physiology , Running/physiology , Volition
13.
Rev. psicol. (Fortaleza, Online) ; 7(1): 210-223, jul.-dez. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-879556

ABSTRACT

O Núcleo de Estudos sobre Drogas (NUCED), vinculado ao departamento de Psicologia da Universidade Federal do Ceará, fundado em 2004, tem trabalhado na formação dos alunos do curso despertando-lhes ao cuidado de si e do outro, como em ações de Redução de Danos (RD). Neste texto buscaremos apresentar os trabalhos de ensino, pesquisa e extensão realizados pelo NUCED baseado na inclusão de práticas acolhedoras e não proibicionistas no campo da saúde. Assim, nos posicionamos a favor de ações estratégicas que corroborem e ampliem a "luta antimanicomial", contra internações compulsórias, sem qualquer discriminação a usuários de drogas lícitas ou ilícitas e incentivando ações de saúde que fortaleçam laços na arte do encontro de reinventar nossas vidas. As ações do NUCED favorecem práticas transdisciplinares, promovendo saúde e cuidado de si a comunidade acadêmica e a população em geral, ampliando a formação curricular dos estudantes, estimulando-os a desenvolverem estudos que viabilizaram ações pautadas na assistência integral à saúde.


The Drug Studies Center, called NUCED, part of to the Psychology Department of the Federal University of Ceará, founded in 2004, has worked in training students of psychology course to awakening them to the care of themselves and others, such as harm reduction actions (RD). In this work we seek to present the teaching work, research and extension carried out by NUCED, based in the inclusion of welcoming and not prohibitionist practices in the health field. Therefore, we stand in favor of strategic actions that corroborate with the "anti-asylum struggle", we are against compulsory admissions, such as any discrimination of drug users. We encourage health actions that strengthen ties in the art of the meeting to reinvent our lives. The NUCED promotes transdisciplinary practices, promoting health and caring for yourself in the academic community and the general population, expanding the training curriculum of the students, encouraging them to develop studies and actions based on comprehensive health care.


Subject(s)
Community-Institutional Relations , Harm Reduction , Health Promotion , Mental Health , Mental Health Services , Substance-Related Disorders , Psychology, Applied , Unified Health System
14.
Rev. bras. entomol ; 58(3): 244-260, July-Sept. 2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-724036

ABSTRACT

Rove beetles of medical importance in Brazil (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Paederinae). The rove beetles of the genus Paederus Fabricius, 1775 are the most important group within Coleoptera causing dermatitis around the world. The medical importance of Paederus depends on its toxic hemolymph released when these beetles are crushed on human skin. The effects are mainly dermatitis linearis and some sporadic cases of conjunctivitis. In Brazil seven species of Paederus are known to cause dermatitis: P. amazonicus Sharp, 1876, P. brasiliensis Erichson, 1840, P. columbinus Laporte, 1835, P. ferus Erichson, 1840, P. mutans Sharp, 1876, P. protensus Sharp, 1876 stat. rev., and Paederus rutilicornis Erichson, 1840. Paederus mutans and P. protensus are for the first time recorded as of medical importance, whereas the record of P. rutilicornis in Brazil is doubtful. All seven species are redescribed and a dichotomous key is provided. The geographic distributions of all species are documented. The results provided here include the most recent and relevant taxonomic revision of Paederus of the Neotropical region, the first identification key for Brazilian species and the increase of recorded species of medical importance in the world.

15.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 19(9): 3683-3692, set. 2014. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-720562

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo é examinar o efeito da média mensal de precipitações sobre o risco de leptospirose na cidade do Rio de Janeiro entre 2007 e 2012. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico analítico cuja variável de desfecho foi o número de casos de leptospirose por mês, e a variável independente foi a precipitação média mensal para as 32 estações de monitoramento por ano. Optou-se por modelar a relação entre os casos de leptospirose e o efeito da chuva através da construção de um modelo linear generalizado, utilizando a distribuição binomial negativa. A precipitação-lag mês mostrou ser um fator explicativo forte para o número de casos de leptospirose. Este estudo indica que a média mensal de precipitações pode se constituir em um indicador que permita a realização de ações visando a preparação do setor saúde para o provável aumento de casos desta doença. Cabe, portanto, a articulação entre o trabalho da vigilância epidemiológica, especialmente aquele feito pelas salas de situação em períodos de crise, e as instâncias de gestão de riscos da vigilância ambiental, para aumentar a capacidade de resposta a desastres naturais no município do Rio de Janeiro.


The scope of this study is to examine the effect of the average monthly rainfall on the risk of contracting leptospirosis in the city of Rio de Janeiro between 2007 and 2012. It involves an analytical ecological study conducted in the city of Rio de Janeiro in the 2007-2012 period. The variable for the outcome was the number of leptospirosis cases per month, and the independent variable was the average monthly rainfall recorded by the 32 monitoring stations per year. It was decided to model the relationship between cases of leptospirosis and the effects of rain by building a generalized linear model using negative binomial distribution. The rainfall-lag per month was found to be a strong explanatory factor for the number of cases of leptospirosis. This study indicates that the average monthly rainfall may constitute an indicator that enables the execution of actions in order to prepare the health sector for the probable increase in cases of this disease. Therefore, it is necessary to implement the interaction between the work of epidemiological surveillance, especially by situation rooms in periods of crisis, and the risk management teams of environmental surveillance, to increase the response capacity to natural disasters in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro.


Subject(s)
Humans , Floods , Leptospirosis/epidemiology , Rain , Urban Health , Brazil , Cities , Time Factors
16.
RSBO (Impr.) ; 11(1): 52-58, Jan.-Mar. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-718006

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The adipose tissue is an important reservoir of adult stem cells which have capacity of differentiating in osteoblasts with potential implication in reaching bone regeneration. The evaluation of the osteoblastic differentiation can be verified through immunohistochemical markers such as bone morphogenetic protein- 2 (BMP-2). Objective: To evaluate the immunoexpression of BMP-2 protein on the bone repairing of critical size defects (CSD) surgically created in rat calvaria and treated by autogenous macerated adipose tissue. Material and methods: Forty male rats had a CSD measuring 5 mm created on their calvaria. The animals were randomly divided into two groups: group C (control) and group AT (macerated adipose tissue grafting). In group C, the defect was filled with only blood clot. In group AT, the defect was filled with autogenous macerated adipose tissue. The groups were subdivided into two subgroups (n = 10) for euthanasia at 7 and 90 post-operative days. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were carried out. Data were submitted to descriptive statistics (mode). Results: In group AT, both at 7 and 90 post-operative days, the main healing type was the presence of dense conjunctive tissue exhibiting bundles of collagen fibers disposed in beams permeating the remaining adipose tissue with rare heterotopic bone formation associated to fibrosis and different types of tissue necrosis. In group C, the repair was achieved by the formation of bundles of collagen fibers oriented parallelly to the surface of the wound at the two post-surgical periods. The immune-staining of BMP-2 was present only in group C (7 and 90 post-operative days). Conclusion: Within the limits of this present study, it can be concluded that the adipose tissue grafting did not favor bone neoformation in critical size defects and BMP-2 signaling was not observed.

17.
Rev. patol. trop ; 43(4): 412-419, 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-752783

ABSTRACT

O protozoário Giardia lamblia é um dos agentes etiológicos de diarreia em crianças no Brasil.Seu diagnóstico pode tornar-se difícil em consequência da baixa sensibilidade dos métodosusualmente empregados e por causa da eliminação intermitente dos cistos pode produzir resultadosfalso-negativos. Por essa razão, foi desenvolvido um ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA) parapesquisa de antígenos de G. lamblia em fezes. Este imunoensaio tem sido descrito na literatura comoum método simples, sensível e específico quando aplicado para o diagnóstico de diversas parasitoses.Assim, este estudo objetivou comparar a técnica de ELISA com os métodos coproscópicos decentrífugo-sedimentação (Técnica de Ritchie) e centrífugo-flutuação (Técnica de Faust), visandodemonstrar a importância de um método com maior sensibilidade. Foram examinadas 158 amostrasde fezes de crianças, de 0 a 12 anos, em uma creche municipal pública de Rio Grande, no RioGrande do Sul, Brasil. Os resultados referentes à comparação entre as técnicas mostraram que atécnica de ELISA tem 3,0 vezes mais chances de detectar amostras positivas de G. lamblia que ométodo de centrífugo-flutuação. Quando comparada com o método de centrífugo-sedimentação,a técnica de ELISA demonstrou ter 3,4 vezes mais chances de detectar amostras positivas para G.lamblia.Concluiu-se que a técnica de ELISA desenvolvida mostrou-se mais eficiente que as técnicasadotadas na rotina laboratorial para o diagnóstico desta parasitose, podendo ser aplicada tanto parao diagnóstico individual como em avaliações epidemiológicas, já que permite o processamento devárias amostras simultaneamente.


The protozoan Giardia lamblia is one of the etiological agents of diarrhea in children in Brazil, anddiagnosis may be difficult due to low sensitivity of the methods commonly used, due the intermittentliberation of cysts, which may lead to false-negative results. Thus, an enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA) was developed for detection of G. lamblia antigens in fecal samples, consideringthat this immunoassay has been described to be simple, sensitive and specific when applied todiagnose various parasitic diseases. Thus, this study aimed to compare the ELISA technique withsingle stool sample to examination methods using centrifugal sedimentation (Ritchie technique) andcentrifugation-flotation (Faust technique), intending to demonstrate the importance of a method withgreater sensitivity. Fecal samplesfrom a total of 158 children aged 0-12 years, were examined in apublic municipal nursery in the city of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The comparative resultsof the investigated techniques showed that ELISA has 3.0 times more chance than centrifugationflotation,and 3.4 times more chance than centrifugal sedimentation to detect positive samples ofG. lamblia. Overall, it was concluded that the ELISA was more efficient than the routine laboratorytechniques for the diagnosis of giardiasis, and it may be used for both individual and epidemiologicalassessments, as the technique allows for processing of multiple samples simultaneously.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Diarrhea , Giardiasis/diagnosis , Giardiasis/epidemiology , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Feces/parasitology
18.
Psicopedagogia ; 31(96): 298-310, 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-735538

ABSTRACT

Este artigo apresenta a constituição da proposta da atuação psicopedagógica do segmento da educação infantil, ensino fundamental I e ensino fundamental II das Escolas da Rede de Ensino Municipal, situado na cidade de Cajamar - São Paulo. O plano de atuação psicopedagógica institucional, desenvolvido pelo grupo de psicopedagogos e assessora externa, objetiva sistematizar, a partir do ano de 2008, as ações apresentadas no plano de ação para rede. No primeiro momento, indagavam-se quais seriam as atribuições do psicopedagogo a atuar nos segmentos Secretaria Municipal de Educação e na Instituição Escola. Para tanto, constituiu-se a proposta, utilizando-se um referencial teórico em Psicopedagogia, respaldado, principalmente, pelos pressupostos de: Chabanne, Nádia Bossa, Alícia Fernandes, Neide Noffs e demais autores da área da Psicopedagogia que fazem referência ao cunho preventivo-institucional, assim como, os autores: Piaget, Vygotsky, Wallon, Jonh Dewey, Zabala, Geraldo Peçanha, Paulo Freire, José M. Beltran, Mabel Condemarin, entre outros. Esses estudos contribuíram para a compreensão do processo de construção de conhecimento dos alunos. Assim, percebeu-se que a proposta de atuação do trabalho psicopedagógico para a rede compreende ações relacionadas principalmente à formação continuada do professor, ou seja, intenta desenvolver um trabalho sob a perspectiva psicopedagógica preventiva. Essa proposta está descrita em itens de discussão acerca das atribuições do psicopedagogo, levando em consideração a história, os aspectos culturais e as necessidades específicas da área...


This paper presents the proposed constitution of the psychoeducational performance segment of early childhood education, elementary school and elementary school II Schools Network Municipal School, located in Cajamar - São Paulo. The plan psychoeducational institutional performance, developed by the group of educational psychologists and objective external advisor systematize from 2008 actions presented in the action plan for the network. At first they asked themselves-what are the responsibilities of the educational psychologist to work in the Municipal Education Institution and School segments. To do so, constituted the proposal, using a theoretical framework for psychoeducation, supported mainly by the assumptions: Chabanne, Nadia Bossa, Alicia Fernandes, Neide Noffs and other authors in the field of educational psychology that reference preventivo- imprint institutional as well as the authors: Piaget, Vygotsky, Wallon, John Dewey, Zabala, Gerard Peçanha, Paulo Freire, Jose M. Beltran, Mabel Condemarin among others. These studies contributed to the understanding of the knowledge construction process of students. Thus, it was realized that the proposed action of psycho pedagogical proposal for the network, which comprises the actions relate primarily to the continuing education of teachers, ie, attempts to develop a work under preventive psychoeducational perspective. This proposal is described in items of discussion about the responsibilities of the educational psychologist, taking into account the history, cultural aspects and the specific needs of the area. It is understood that the work of educational psychologist school requires constant thinking about what your doing, which demand frequent dialogues with the school community...


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Primary and Secondary , Child Rearing/psychology , Education , Psychology, Educational
20.
Perionews ; 7(3): 281-286, maio-jun. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-726699

ABSTRACT

A necessidade de um sorriso perfeito e de tratamentos estéticos tem aumentado nos últimos anos. O sorriso é determinado por posição, forma, tamanho do dente, textura, cor e linha da gengiva e dos lábios e a forma da maxila. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi relatar dois casos clínicos de sorriso gengivoso e descrever os diferentes fatores etiológicos e as formas de tratamento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Gingiva , Periodontics , Smiling
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